Modular scales

A type-first, ratio-driven, responsive scale to cater for all typography and layout sizing and spacing.

The scale

The sizing and spacing units.

The default base font size of web browsers is honoured. Most commonly this equates to 16px.

So 16px is the starting point — the first unit — of all variants of the scale.

 
 
 
 

16px

 
 
 
 
 
 

The figures

Screen size: 0px+

Ratio: 1.25

Unit Size (px) Size (em)
Base 16px 1em
Size-1 20px 1.25em
Size-2 25px 1.563em
Size-3 31px 1.953em
Size-4 40px 2.441em
Size-5 49px 3.052em
Size-6 61px 3.815em

Screen size: 500px+

Ratio: 1.3

Unit Size (px) Size (em)
Base 16px 1em
Size-1 21px 1.3em
Size-2 27px 1.69em
Size-3 35px 2.197em
Size-4 46px 2.856em
Size-5 59px 3.713em
Size-6 77px 4.827em

Screen size: 900px+

Ratio: 1.4

Unit Size (px) Size (em)
Base 16px 1em
Size-1 22px 1.4em
Size-2 31px 1.96em
Size-3 44px 2.744em
Size-4 61px 3.842em
Size-5 86px 5.378em
Size-6 120px 7.53em

Screen size: 1400px+

Ratio: 1.5

Unit Size (px) Size (em)
Base 16px 1em
Size-1 24px 1.5em
Size-2 36px 2.25em
Size-3 54px 3.375em
Size-4 81px 5.063em
Size-5 122px 7.594em
Size-6 182px 11.391em

Screen size: 1800px+

Ratio: 1.55

Unit Size (px) Size (em)
Base 16px 1em
Size-1 25px 1.55em
Size-2 38px 2.403em
Size-3 60px 3.724em
Size-4 92px 5.772em
Size-5 143px 8.947em
Size-6 222px 13.867em